Tree Grafting 101

Matthew and Jim spent the afternoon in the backyard... Often they weed, rake, prune...  but today, this is what Matthew learned:

He learned the basics of grafting a tree:
1) figure out where you need to cut:

2) cut:

3) split the main branch a bit to fit the new branches that will be grafted (ensure there are at least 5 new buds), insert into the splits of the main branch:

4)  now for Matthew's favorite part -- "add the gunk!"  This material (forgot the name, will get back to you on that) is to ensure the branches heal properly:

5) close up of the "gunk" (Matthew's favorite word):

6) then tape it up to give it more support: